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Authors: Witsberger TH, Villamil JA, Schultz LG, Hahn AW, Cook JL
Publications: J Am Vet Med Assoc 2008;232:1818-1824
Species: Dogs
Diseases: Cruciate Ligament Deficiency
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OBJECTIVE-To evaluate prevalence of and risk factors for hip dysplasia (HD) and cranial cruciate ligament deficiency (CCLD) in dogs and determine change in prevalence over time.
DESIGN-Cross-sectional study.
ANIMALS-1,243,681 Dogs for which information was reported to the Veterinary Medical Database between 1964 and 2003.
PROCEDURES-Information on breed, sex, and age was collected, and prevalences and odds ratios were calculated. RESULTS-Castrated male dogs were significantly more likely than other dogs to have HD (odds ratio [OR], 1.21), and castrated male (OR, 1.68) and spayed female (OR, 2.35) dogs were significantly more likely to have CCLD. Dogs up to 4 years old were significantly more likely to have HD (OR for dogs 2 months to 1 year old, 1.22; OR for dogs > 1 to 4 years old, 1.48), whereas dogs > 4 years old were significantly more likely to have CCLD (OR for dogs > 4 to 7 years old, 1.82; OR for dogs > 7 years old, 1.48). In general, large- and giant-breed dogs were more likely than other dogs to have HD, CCLD, or both. Prevalences of HD and CCLD increased significantly over the 4 decades for which data were examined.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE-Results suggested that sex, age, and breed were risk factors for HD, CCLD, or both in dogs and that prevalences of HD and CCLD have increased over time.
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